New blood pressure guidelines 2019

In November 2017, the American Heart Association (AHA) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC) released new guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension). The guidelines were published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology and the Hypertension journal.

Here are the key changes and updates:

New Blood Pressure Categories:

  1. Normal Blood Pressure: Less than 120/80 mmHg
  2. Elevated Blood Pressure: 120-129/80 mmHg
  3. Stage 1 Hypertension: 130-139/80-89 mmHg
  4. Stage 2 Hypertension: 140 or higher/90 or higher mmHg

Key Changes:

  1. Lowering the Threshold for Hypertension: The new guidelines lower the threshold for hypertension from 140/90 mmHg to 130/80 mmHg, which means more people will be classified as having hypertension.
  2. Elevated Blood Pressure: The new category of "elevated blood pressure" is introduced, which is defined as blood pressure between 120-129/80 mmHg. This category is meant to identify individuals who are at increased risk of developing hypertension.
  3. Target Blood Pressure: The new guidelines recommend a target blood pressure of less than 130/80 mmHg for most adults, which is lower than the previous target of less than 140/90 mmHg.
  4. Lifestyle Changes: The guidelines emphasize the importance of lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and weight loss, in managing blood pressure.
  5. Medication: The guidelines recommend starting medication for hypertension at a blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg or higher, which is lower than the previous threshold of 140/90 mmHg.
  6. Monitoring: The guidelines recommend regular blood pressure monitoring, including at-home monitoring, to help identify and manage hypertension.

Who Should Be Screened:

  1. All Adults: The guidelines recommend screening all adults for hypertension, regardless of age or risk factors.
  2. High-Risk Individuals: The guidelines recommend screening high-risk individuals, such as those with a family history of hypertension, obesity, or diabetes, more frequently.

What You Can Do:

  1. Monitor Your Blood Pressure: Regularly monitor your blood pressure at home or at your doctor's office.
  2. Make Lifestyle Changes: Make healthy lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and losing weight if necessary.
  3. Talk to Your Doctor: Discuss your blood pressure with your doctor and ask about lifestyle changes and medication options if necessary.

Remember, these guidelines are meant to help healthcare providers diagnose and manage hypertension more effectively. If you have concerns about your blood pressure or overall health, always consult with your doctor.