Cause of blindness in new born babies

Blindness in newborn babies, also known as congenital blindness, can be caused by a variety of factors. Here are some common causes:

  1. Genetic disorders: Certain genetic conditions, such as Leber congenital amaurosis, can cause blindness in newborns.
  2. Infections during pregnancy: Infections such as toxoplasmosis, rubella, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) can cause blindness in newborns.
  3. Premature birth: Premature birth can increase the risk of blindness due to the immaturity of the retina and optic nerve.
  4. Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP): ROP is a condition that occurs when the blood vessels in the retina do not develop properly, leading to blindness.
  5. Congenital cataracts: Cataracts that are present at birth can cause blindness if left untreated.
  6. Microphthalmia: Microphthalmia is a condition where the eyes are underdeveloped or absent, leading to blindness.
  7. Anophthalmia: Anophthalmia is a condition where the eyes are completely absent, leading to blindness.
  8. Optic nerve hypoplasia: Optic nerve hypoplasia is a condition where the optic nerve is underdeveloped, leading to blindness.
  9. Choroidal coloboma: Choroidal coloboma is a condition where there is a hole or defect in the choroid, leading to blindness.
  10. Maternal diabetes: Maternal diabetes during pregnancy can increase the risk of blindness in newborns.
  11. Fetal alcohol syndrome: Fetal alcohol syndrome is a condition caused by maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy, which can lead to blindness.
  12. Intrauterine infections: Infections such as syphilis, herpes simplex, and HIV can cause blindness in newborns.
  13. Birth trauma: Birth trauma, such as a difficult delivery or forceps delivery, can cause blindness in newborns.
  14. Intrauterine growth restriction: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) can increase the risk of blindness in newborns.
  15. Multiple gestations: Twins or other multiple gestations can increase the risk of blindness in newborns.

It's important to note that many cases of blindness in newborns can be treated with surgery, medication, or other interventions. Early detection and treatment are crucial to improving outcomes for these children.