What is the work of circuit breaker
A circuit breaker is an electrical device designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by an overload or short circuit. Its primary function is to automatically interrupt the flow of electrical current in the event of an abnormal condition, such as:
- Overcurrent: When the current flowing through the circuit exceeds its rated capacity, causing the wire to overheat or melt.
- Short circuit: When there is a sudden and unintended connection between two or more conductors, causing a massive surge of current.
- Ground fault: When there is an unintended path of current to ground, such as a faulty appliance or a broken wire.
When a circuit breaker detects an abnormal condition, it will:
- Trip: Open the circuit, disconnecting the power supply to the circuit.
- Reset: Automatically reset the circuit once the abnormal condition has been corrected, allowing power to be restored to the circuit.
Circuit breakers are designed to:
- Protect people: Prevent electrical shock, electrocution, or burns caused by electrical faults.
- Protect equipment: Prevent damage to electrical equipment, such as motors, transformers, and wiring, caused by overloads or short circuits.
- Prevent fires: Prevent electrical faults from causing fires or explosions.
Types of circuit breakers:
- Molded case circuit breakers: The most common type, used in residential and commercial applications.
- Air circuit breakers: Used in industrial and commercial applications, often in high-voltage systems.
- Oil circuit breakers: Used in high-voltage applications, such as power transmission and distribution systems.
- Vacuum circuit breakers: Used in high-voltage applications, offering improved performance and reliability.
In summary, circuit breakers play a crucial role in ensuring the safety and reliability of electrical systems by detecting and interrupting abnormal electrical conditions, protecting people, equipment, and preventing fires.