Spikes model of breaking bad news

A great topic!

The SPIKES model is a framework for breaking bad news to patients, developed by Dr. Robert Buckman, a Canadian physician and communication expert. SPIKES stands for:

S - Setting:

• Establish a private and comfortable setting for the conversation.
• Ensure the patient is seated comfortably and has any necessary support.

P - Perception:

• Start by acknowledging the patient's perception of the situation and their concerns.
• Show empathy and understanding, and validate their feelings.

I - Invitation:

• Invite the patient to ask questions and express their concerns.
• Encourage them to share their thoughts and feelings about the diagnosis or situation.

K - Knowledge:

• Provide clear and concise information about the diagnosis, treatment options, and prognosis.
• Use simple language and avoid technical jargon.
• Be honest and transparent about the situation.

E - Empathy:

• Reiterate your empathy and understanding of the patient's situation.
• Acknowledge the emotional impact of the diagnosis or situation on the patient and their loved ones.

S - Strategy:

• Discuss treatment options and the plan of care.
• Involve the patient in the decision-making process and encourage them to ask questions.
• Provide support and resources for the patient and their loved ones.

The SPIKES model is designed to help healthcare providers break bad news in a compassionate and effective manner. By following this framework, providers can:

• Establish a positive and supportive atmosphere
• Address the patient's concerns and emotions
• Provide clear and concise information
• Involve the patient in the decision-making process
• Offer support and resources

Remember, breaking bad news is a challenging and sensitive task. The SPIKES model can help healthcare providers navigate this process with empathy, compassion, and professionalism.