New york state constitution
The New York State Constitution is the supreme law of the state of New York, outlining the structure and function of the state government, as well as the rights and powers of its citizens. The current constitution was adopted in 1894 and has undergone several amendments since then.
Here are some key provisions of the New York State Constitution:
Preamble
The preamble sets forth the purpose and principles of the constitution, stating that it is designed to establish a government that is "just, equal, and free" and to promote the "happiness, prosperity, and well-being" of the people of New York.
Article I: Declaration of Rights
This article sets forth a list of fundamental rights and freedoms, including:
- The right to life, liberty, and property
- The right to free speech and assembly
- The right to a free press
- The right to bear arms
- The right to trial by jury
- The right to due process and equal protection under the law
Article II: The Legislature
This article establishes the New York State Legislature, which consists of the Senate and the Assembly. It sets forth the powers and duties of the Legislature, including the power to make laws, approve the budget, and impeach state officials.
Article III: The Executive
This article establishes the office of the Governor, who serves as the chief executive of the state. It sets forth the powers and duties of the Governor, including the power to veto legislation and appoint state officials.
Article IV: The Judiciary
This article establishes the New York State Court System, which includes the Court of Appeals, the Appellate Divisions, and the Supreme Courts. It sets forth the powers and duties of the judiciary, including the power to interpret the constitution and make decisions in cases involving state law.
Article V: Amendments
This article sets forth the process for amending the constitution, which requires a two-thirds majority vote in both the Senate and the Assembly, followed by approval by the voters in a statewide referendum.
Article VI: Suffrage
This article sets forth the qualifications and requirements for voting in state elections, including the right to vote for citizens who are at least 18 years old and have been residents of the state for at least one month.
Article VII: Education
This article sets forth the state's commitment to education, including the establishment of a system of free public education and the provision of financial support for schools.
Article VIII: Public Health
This article sets forth the state's powers and duties regarding public health, including the power to regulate the sale and distribution of food and drugs.
Article IX: Public Lands
This article sets forth the state's powers and duties regarding public lands, including the power to acquire and manage public lands for conservation and recreation.
Article X: Public Utilities
This article sets forth the state's powers and duties regarding public utilities, including the power to regulate the rates and services of public utilities.
Article XI: Local Governments
This article sets forth the powers and duties of local governments, including cities, towns, and villages.
Article XII: Finance
This article sets forth the state's powers and duties regarding finance, including the power to levy taxes and issue bonds.
Article XIII: Public Officers and Employees
This article sets forth the powers and duties of public officers and employees, including the Governor, the Legislature, and state agency heads.
Article XIV: Public Buildings and Grounds
This article sets forth the state's powers and duties regarding public buildings and grounds, including the power to acquire and manage public buildings and grounds.
Article XV: Miscellaneous Provisions
This article sets forth various miscellaneous provisions, including the power of the state to enter into compacts with other states and the power to regulate the sale and distribution of liquor.
Overall, the New York State Constitution is a comprehensive document that outlines the structure and function of the state government, as well as the rights and powers of its citizens.