New seizure classification

In 2017, the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) published a new classification system for seizures, which replaced the previous classification system that had been in use since 1981. The new classification system is designed to be more accurate, comprehensive, and user-friendly.

Here are the key changes and updates in the new seizure classification system:

New seizure types:

  1. Focal seizures with impaired awareness: These seizures are characterized by a loss of awareness or responsiveness, but the person may still be able to perform simple tasks.
  2. Focal seizures with automatisms: These seizures are characterized by automatic movements, such as lip smacking or arm waving, without loss of awareness.
  3. Focal seizures with speech arrest: These seizures are characterized by a sudden stop in speech, but the person may still be able to respond to questions.
  4. Focal seizures with preserved seizure awareness: These seizures are characterized by a focal seizure without loss of awareness or responsiveness.

New seizure subtypes:

  1. Simple partial seizures: These seizures are characterized by a focal seizure without loss of awareness or responsiveness.
  2. Complex partial seizures: These seizures are characterized by a focal seizure with impaired awareness or responsiveness.
  3. Secondarily generalized seizures: These seizures start as a focal seizure and then spread to both sides of the brain, causing a generalized seizure.

Changes to seizure classification:

  1. Elimination of the term "petit mal": The term "petit mal" is no longer used to describe absence seizures, which are now classified as "focal seizures with impaired awareness".
  2. Reclassification of myoclonic seizures: Myoclonic seizures are now classified as a type of generalized seizure, rather than a focal seizure.
  3. New classification of status epilepticus: Status epilepticus is now classified as a prolonged seizure lasting more than 30 minutes, rather than a single prolonged seizure.

Benefits of the new classification system:

  1. Improved accuracy: The new classification system is designed to be more accurate and specific, which can help improve diagnosis and treatment of seizures.
  2. Simplified classification: The new system eliminates some of the complexity of the previous system, making it easier for healthcare professionals to use and understand.
  3. Better communication: The new system provides a common language for healthcare professionals to use when discussing seizures, which can improve communication and collaboration.

Overall, the new seizure classification system is designed to provide a more accurate and comprehensive way of classifying seizures, which can help improve diagnosis, treatment, and management of epilepsy.