Mode of operation of circuit breaker
A circuit breaker is an electrical device that is designed to interrupt an electrical circuit in the event of an overload or short circuit. The mode of operation of a circuit breaker can be broadly classified into three stages:
Stage 1: Normal Operation
In normal operation, the circuit breaker is in its "closed" position, allowing electricity to flow through the circuit. The breaker's internal mechanism is designed to detect the normal operating current of the circuit and does not trip.
Stage 2: Overcurrent Detection
When an overcurrent occurs, the circuit breaker's internal mechanism detects the increase in current and triggers the tripping mechanism. The breaker's tripping mechanism is designed to detect the overcurrent and initiate the tripping process.
Stage 3: Tripping and Interruption
When the tripping mechanism is triggered, the circuit breaker opens its contacts, interrupting the flow of electricity to the circuit. This is known as "tripping" the breaker. The breaker's contacts are designed to open quickly and safely, interrupting the electrical circuit and preventing further damage or electrical shock.
The tripping mechanism of a circuit breaker can be triggered by various factors, including:
- Overcurrent: An excessive current flowing through the circuit, which can be caused by a short circuit, overload, or faulty equipment.
- Overvoltage: An excessive voltage applied to the circuit, which can be caused by a power surge or electrical fault.
- Undervoltage: A low voltage applied to the circuit, which can be caused by a power outage or electrical fault.
The mode of operation of a circuit breaker is designed to provide a safe and reliable means of protecting electrical circuits from damage or electrical shock.