Female genital mutilation separating the myth from the matter

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is a complex and controversial topic, often shrouded in misconceptions and myths. It is essential to separate fact from fiction to understand the issue accurately and address it effectively. Here's a breakdown of the myths and the matter:

Myths:

1. FGM is a religious practice: FGM is often mistakenly linked to religion, particularly Islam. However, it is not a religious requirement in any major religion. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) emphasize that FGM is a cultural practice with no religious basis.
2. FGM is a minor procedure: Many people believe that FGM is a minor procedure that only involves a small cut or removal of a small part of the genitalia. In reality, FGM can involve severe and painful procedures, including the removal of the clitoris, labia, and other genital tissues.
3. FGM is a necessary part of cultural or traditional practices: FGM is often justified as a cultural or traditional practice, but it is essential to recognize that it is a harmful and inhumane practice that has no scientific or medical basis.
4. FGM is only practiced in Africa: While FGM is most prevalent in Africa, it is also practiced in other parts of the world, including Asia, the Middle East, and Europe.

Matter:

1. FGM is a violation of human rights: FGM is a violation of a person's physical and emotional integrity, as well as their human rights. It is a form of gender-based violence that can cause severe physical and emotional harm.
2. FGM is a significant public health concern: FGM can lead to a range of serious health complications, including:
   • Severe pain and bleeding during and after the procedure
   • Infection and sepsis
   • Chronic pain and discomfort
   • Urinary tract infections and kidney damage
   • Complications during childbirth and increased risk of maternal mortality
3. FGM is a significant social and economic burden: FGM can have long-term social and economic consequences, including:
   • Reduced educational and employment opportunities
   • Increased risk of domestic violence and abuse
   • Social isolation and stigma
   • Economic costs associated with healthcare and lost productivity
4. FGM is a preventable practice: FGM can be prevented through education, awareness-raising, and community engagement. Governments, civil society organizations, and healthcare providers must work together to address the root causes of FGM and provide support to those affected.

Key statistics:

• According to the WHO, more than 200 million girls and women have undergone FGM worldwide.
• FGM is most prevalent in Africa, where an estimated 44% of girls and women have undergone the procedure.
• The prevalence of FGM varies widely across countries, with some countries having rates as high as 80%.
• FGM is often performed on young girls, with the majority of procedures taking place before the age of 15.

Conclusion:

Female Genital Mutilation is a complex and controversial issue that requires a nuanced understanding of the myths and the matter. It is essential to recognize FGM as a violation of human rights, a significant public health concern, and a preventable practice. By separating fact from fiction, we can work towards a world where FGM is no longer tolerated and where all individuals can live free from this harmful and inhumane practice.