Differences between old and new agric extention

Agricultural extension services have undergone significant changes over the years, driven by advances in technology, shifting societal values, and evolving agricultural practices. Here are some key differences between old and new agricultural extension:

Old Agricultural Extension (Traditional):

  1. Top-down approach: Extension agents were often seen as experts who would disseminate information from the top down to farmers.
  2. One-way communication: Extension agents would typically provide information to farmers through lectures, demonstrations, and written materials.
  3. Focus on technology transfer: The primary goal was to transfer new technologies, such as seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, to farmers.
  4. Limited farmer participation: Farmers were often passive recipients of information, with limited opportunities for feedback or participation.
  5. Geographic focus: Extension services were often organized by geographic region, with agents serving specific areas.
  6. Limited resources: Extension services often had limited resources, including funding, personnel, and infrastructure.

New Agricultural Extension (Modern):

  1. Participatory approach: Extension agents work closely with farmers, listening to their concerns and involving them in the decision-making process.
  2. Two-way communication: Extension agents facilitate dialogue between farmers, researchers, and other stakeholders to share knowledge and experiences.
  3. Focus on problem-solving: Extension services focus on helping farmers solve specific problems, such as climate change, market access, or pest management.
  4. Farmer-led: Farmers are increasingly taking the lead in identifying their own needs and priorities, with extension agents providing support and guidance.
  5. Thematic focus: Extension services are organized around specific themes, such as climate change, sustainable agriculture, or value chain development.
  6. Increased resources: Modern extension services often have access to more resources, including funding, technology, and expertise.
  7. Digital extension: The use of digital technologies, such as mobile phones, social media, and online platforms, has expanded the reach and effectiveness of extension services.
  8. Collaboration with other stakeholders: Extension services often collaborate with other organizations, such as NGOs, private companies, and research institutions, to leverage resources and expertise.
  9. Focus on capacity building: Extension services prioritize building the capacity of farmers, particularly women and youth, to make informed decisions and manage their own agricultural activities.
  10. Monitoring and evaluation: Modern extension services often use monitoring and evaluation tools to assess the impact of their activities and make data-driven decisions.

The shift from traditional to modern agricultural extension reflects a broader recognition of the importance of farmer-centered, participatory approaches to agricultural development. By empowering farmers and involving them in the decision-making process, extension services can better address the complex challenges facing agriculture today.