Apa referencing style new

APA (American Psychological Association) referencing style is a widely used citation style in the social sciences, education, and business. Here are the basic guidelines for citing sources in APA style:

In-Text Citations

• When citing a source in the text, use the author's last name and the year of publication, separated by a comma. For example: (Smith, 2020)
• If the source has no author, use the title of the source in the in-text citation, followed by the year of publication. For example: ("Title of Source", 2020)
• If the source has no author or title, use the first word of the source's URL or the first word of the source's title, followed by the year of publication. For example: (https://www.example.com, 2020) or (ABC News, 2020)

Reference List

• The reference list should be alphabetized by author's last name.
• Each reference should include the following elements:
  • Author's last name, first initial. (Year of publication). Title of source. Publisher.
  • If the source has no author, use the title of the source.
  • If the source has no author or title, use the first word of the source's URL or the first word of the source's title.
• Examples:
  • Book: Smith, J. (2020). The history of psychology. Routledge.
  • Journal article: Johnson, K. (2020). The effects of social media on mental health. Journal of Psychology, 10(1), 1-10.
  • Website: National Institute of Mental Health. (2020). Mental health statistics. Retrieved from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/

Common APA Citation Examples

• Book: Smith, J. (2020). The history of psychology. Routledge.
• Journal article: Johnson, K. (2020). The effects of social media on mental health. Journal of Psychology, 10(1), 1-10.
• Website: National Institute of Mental Health. (2020). Mental health statistics. Retrieved from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/
• Newspaper article: Times, The. (2020, January 1). New study finds link between social media and depression. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/
• Conference proceedings: Smith, J. (2020). The impact of social media on mental health. Paper presented at the annual conference of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, CA.
• Thesis or dissertation: Johnson, K. (2020). The effects of social media on mental health. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles.

APA Style Guidelines

• Use a hanging indent for each reference in the reference list.
• Use title case for the title of the source (capitalize the first word and proper nouns).
• Use italics for the title of the source if it is a book or journal article.
• Use quotation marks for the title of the source if it is a newspaper article or website.
• Use the abbreviation "et al." for sources with more than two authors.
• Use the abbreviation "n.d." for sources with no date of publication.